Expansion-bolt.



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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN C. SUMMERER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

EXPANSION-BOLT.

SPECIFICATION forming' part 0f Letters Patent No. 674,715, dated May 21, 1901.

Application filed April 14, 1900. Serial No. 12,808. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN C. SUMMERER, a resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State 0f Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Expansion-Bolts; andl I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in expansion-bolts or fastening devices for attaching sign-boards, beams, and other objects to the Wall of a building and necessitating only the makingof a hole within the outer portion of the wall for the reception of the bolt or fastening device.

The invention relates also to the method of applying my improved fastening device.

The object of this invention is to provide a fastening device of the character indicated thatis simple and durable in construction, that can be readily applied, and that is exceedingly reliable in its operation and in the performance of the function for which it is designed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a sectional view of a wall provided with a hole or aperture into which my improved expansion-bolt has been introduced, and in this figure the bolt is shown in central longitudinal section. Fig. II is a transverse vertical section on line II II, Fig. I, looking inwardly. Fig. III is a sectional View corresponding with Fig. I, except that in Fig. III the expansible collar or shell of the fastening device is shown expanded. Fig. IV is a sectional view corresponding with Fig. III, except that in Fig. IV a sign-board is shown held in place against the outer side of the wall. Fig.V is a transversesection on line V V, Figs. III and IV, looking inwardly. Fig.VI is an end elevation of the shell-expanding sleeve-nut of the fastening device, and Fig.VII is a side elevation of the same. Fig.VIII is a side elevation of the expansible shell or collar, and Fig. IX is an end elevation of the same.

Referring to the drawings, ct designates a wall of cement, stone, or brick, that is provided within the outer side thereof with an aperture or hole a', that in the case illustrated is open at the outer side of the Wall.

The hole a is made large enough to acco mmodate the reception of myimproved expansionbolt or fastening device that is employed in securing asign-board or other object to the aforesaid side of the wall. The fastening. device comprises an ordinary bolt b, a nut or internally-screw-threaded sleeve c, mounted upon and engaging the free end of the correspondingly-threaded shank of the bolt, au expansible collar or shell e, that embraces and is adapted to be expanded by the sleeve-nut c, and a nutf, that is mounted upon the inner end of the threaded portion of the bolts shank, between the plain portion of the shank and the aforesaid shell or collar. The surrounding wall of the bore or the shell e ares toward the inner end of the shell, and said shell is cylindrical externally. The shell e is provided externally with a plurality of ribs e', preferably four in number, that are arranged at suitable intervals circumferentially of the shell and extend longitudinally and preferably from end to end of the shell. The ribs e are somewhat enlarged in thickness toward the outer end of the shell e. The bore of the shell e is gradually enlarged diametrically, as already indicated, in the direction of the free end of the bolts shank, and the surrounding wall of the said bore is provided with a plurality of grooves or channels 62, that are preferably V-shaped in end elevation and arranged at suitable intervals circumferentially of the bolt and extending longitudinally of and preferably from end to end of the shell. The ribs e and the grooves e2 of the-shell e preferably alternate, as shown very clearly in Fig. IX, wherein the ribs e and the grooves e2 are arranged externally and internally, respectively, of the shell and alternately at equal intervals around the shell.

Sleeve-nut c is gradually reduced diametrically in the direction of the head of the 'bolt and extends normally into the diametrically larger end of the bore of the shell e, as shown in Fig. I. The sleeve-nut c is provided upon its external surface with as many angular or V-shaped ribs or tongues c2 as there are grooves e2 formed in the shell e, and thetongues c2 are preferably enlarged in thickness in the direction of the diametrically larger end of the said nut c. The ribs or tongues c2 are arranged, therefore, at equal intervals circumferentially of the nut c and extend longitudinally of the nut and normally engage the grooves e2 of the shell c,'as shown in Figs. I and II.

In the normal position of the parts, as shown in Figs. I and II, the nutc engages the larger end of the bore of the shell e, and the shells outer end at the diametrically smaller end of its bore is engaged by the nutf,thatis mounted upon and engages the threaded portion of the bolts shank next to the plain portion of the said shank.

The hole df, that is made in the Wall a for the reception of the expansion-bolt, is just large enough to require force in the introduction of the device into the said holethat is, the expansion-bolt must be driven into the hole ot so as to cause the ribs e upon the shell e to become partially embedded Within the surrounding Wall of the hole during the said introduction of the device into the said hole.

The nut f prevents endwise displacement of the shell e in the direction ot the head of the bolt during the introduction of the device into the hole a and prevents bodily displacement of the said shell during thel expansion of the shell subsequently. Obviously the embedding of the ribs c Within the surrounding Wall of the hole a prevents the turning of the shell e circumferentially of the bolt during the operation of the sleeve-nut c. The engagement of the ribs or tongues c2 of the said nut c With the grooves e2 of the shell c prevents circumferential displacement of the said nut c independently of the'shell e, and consequently the nut c is rendered stationary with the shell e so far as turning upon the bolt is concerned. The. shell e is preferably composed of lead or equivalent material that is readily expansible, although the said shell may be composed of any material-such, for instance,as malleable metal-especially when the said collar is slotted laterally and longitudinally at suitable intervals circumferentially of the bolt, as shown at e3 in Figs. VIII and IX, wherein the said slots e3 are formed inline with the grooves e2. A shell e, slotted laterally, as illustrated, would possess lateral expansibility.

The relative size and arrangement of the parts are such that when the expansion-bolt has been placed in position Within the hole a', as shown in Figs. I and II, the thereupon turning of the bolt in the required direction will result in the actuation ot' the sleeve-nut c in the direction of the head of the bolt, and thereby cause the nut c to enter the shell e still farther and result in a lateral expansion of the said shell in all directions circumferentially of the bolt and cause the ribs c of the shell to be still further embedded Within the surrounding wall of the hole a and to cause the shell to conform to and tightly engage the said Wall. The shell e Will also be expanded somewhat longitudinally and over fixing of the device to the Wall, and the nut v c Will be firmly liXed Within the shell e, so as to accommodate the unscrewing or Withdrawal of the bolt b preparatory to the placing in position of the sign-board or other object t (see Fig. IV) that is to be secured to the Wall.

YWhen the shell e and the. engaging nut c are fixed Within the hole a', as hereinbefore described, the bolt c, with the nutfupon it, is Withdrawn from the hole byunscrewing the bolt from the nut c, whereupon the sign-board or other object that is to be secured to the Wall is placed in position, and thereupon the bolt is passed through the said object that is provided with a hole for the reception of the bolt and again introduced into the Wall and screwed into the nut c, as shown in Fig. IV. The n'utf is of course removed from the bolt preparatory to the passage of the bolt through the sign-board or object that is to be supported from the Wall and may or may not be returned to its former position upon the bolt; but preferably the said nut is again placed upon the bolt, because the presence of this nut upon the bolt upon returning the latter into engagement With the sleeve-nut c Will positively prevent any endwise displacement of the shell e during the reintroductiou of the said bolt. r

What I claim isl. A device of the characterindicated, comprising a bolt, a nut engaging the threaded portion of the bolt and reduced diame'trically in the direction of the head of the bolt, an expansible collar or shell embracing the said nut and having its bore enlarged diametrically in the direction of the larger end of the nut, tongue-and-groove connections formed upon and between the opposing surfaces of the. nut and nut embracing shell and arranged. longitudinally ot' the said parts at suitable intervals circumferentially of the parts, and a removable abutmentf upon the shank of the bolt for the end'ot1 the expansible shell at the smaller end of the bore of the said shell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A device of the character indicated, comprising a bolt, a nut engaging the threaded portion of the bolt and reduced diametrically in the direction of the head of the bolt, an expansible collar or shell embracing the aforesaid nut and having its bore enlarged diametrically in the direction of the larger end of the nut, tongue-and-groove connections formed IOO IIO

upon and between the opposing surfaces of the nut and the nut-embracing shell and arranged longitudinally of the said parts at suitable intervals eircumferentially of the parts, and the nut f mounted upon the shank of the bolt and forming an abutment for the end of the expansible shell at the smaller end of the bore of the said shell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. Adeviee of the character indicated, comprising a bolt b, the externally-tapering nut c having the external tongues c2, the expansible collar or shell e having the internal grooves or channels e2 and the external ribs e', and the nut f, all arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specied.

4. A device of the character indicated, comprising the bolt b, the nut c having the external tongues c2, the expansible collar or shell e having the external ribs e', the internal grooves e2 and the slots e3, and the nut f, all ar ranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

5. The combination With a Wall 0J having'a hole a', and the object-h to be secured to the wall, of the bolt b extending through the said JOHN C. SUMMERER.

Witnesses:

C. H. DORER, A. H. PARRATT. 

